Brooklyn Navy Yard

The United States Navy Yard, New York – better known as the Brooklyn Navy Yard or the New York Naval Shipyard (NYNSY) – is an American shipyard located in Brooklyn, 1.7 mi northeast of the Battery on the East River in Wallabout Basin, a semicircular bend of the River across from Corlear's Hook in Manhattan. It is bounded by Navy Street, Flushing and Kent Avenues, and at the height of its production of U.S. Navy warships it covered over 200 acre.

Navy
Following the American Revolution, the waterfront site was used to build merchant vessels. Federal authorities purchased the old docks and 40 acre of land for forty thousand dollars in 1801, and the property became an active U.S. Navy shipyard five years later, in 1806. The offices, store-houses and barracks were constructed of handmade bricks, and the yard's oldest structure (located in Vinegar Hill), the 1807 federal style commandant's house, was designed by Charles Bulfinch, architect of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. Many officers were housed in Admiral's Row.

Military chain of command was strictly observed. During the Yard's construction of Robert Fulton's steam frigate, Fulton, launched in 1815, the year of Fulton's death, the Navy Yard's chief officers were listed as follows:


 * Captain Commandant: Samuel Evans
 * Master Commandant: George W. Rodgers
 * Lieutenant of the Yard: Benjamin Cooper
 * Master of the Yard: Francis H. Ellison
 * Surgeon of the Yard & Marine Barracks: J.G.T. Hunt
 * Purser of the Navy Yard: George S. Wise, Jr.
 * Naval Storekeeper: John P. Decatur
 * Naval Constructor: John Floyd
 * Major commanding the Marine Corps: Richard Smith



The nation's first ironclad ship, Monitor, was fitted with its revolutionary iron cladding at the Continental Iron Works in nearby Greenpoint. By the American Civil War, the yard had expanded to employ about 6000 men. In 1890, the ill-fated Maine was launched from the Yard's ways.

On the eve of World War II, the yard contained more than five miles (8 km) of paved streets, four drydocks ranging in length from 326 to 700 feet (99 to 213 meters), two steel shipways, and six pontoons and cylindrical floats for salvage work, barracks for marines, a power plant, a large radio station, and a railroad spur, as well as the expected foundries, machine shops, and warehouses. In 1937 the battleship North Carolina was laid down. In 1938, the yard employed about ten thousand men, of whom one-third were Works Progress Administration (WPA) workers. The battleship Iowa was completed in 1942 followed by the USS Missouri (BB-63) which become the site of the Surrender of Japan 2 September 1945. On January 12, 1953, test operations began on Antietam, which emerged in December 1952 from the Yard as America's first angled-deck aircraft carrier.

The US Navy took possession of PT 109 on July 10, 1942, and the boat was delivered to the Brooklyn Navy Yard for fitting. This boat was sunk in the Pacific in August 1943 and became famous years later when its young commander, Lt. John F. Kennedy, entered politics.

At its peak, during World War II, the yard employed 70,000 people, 24 hours a day.

During World War II, the pedestrian walkways on the Williamsburg and Manhattan Bridges spanning the East River offered a good overhead view of the Navy yard, and were therefore encased in order to prevent espionage.

Commercial
The Navy decommissioned the yard in 1966 and sold it to the City of New York. It then became an area of private manufacturing and commercial activity. It now has over 200 tenants with more than 3,500 employees, and is managed and operated by the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation for the City of New York.

The yard has three piers, owned by the city and operated by Seatrain Shipbuilding and Coastal Drydock and Repair Corporation, and a total of 10 berths ranging from 350 to 890 ft long, with ten-foot deck height and 25 to 40 feet (7 to 12 meters) of depth alongside. Seatrain built four VLCC tankers, eight barges, and one ice breaker barge from 1968 to 1980 when they went out of business. Coastal Drydock only did repairs on naval vessels. Coastal Drydock went out of business in the early 1980s; the Navy Yard's drydocks are now operated by GMD Shipyard Corp. A Federal project maintains a channel depth of 35 feet (10 m) from Throggs Neck to the yard, about two miles (3 km) from the western entrance, and thence 40 feet (12 m) of depth to the deep water in the Upper Bay. Currents in the East River can be strong, and congestion heavy. Access to the piers requires passage under the Manhattan Bridge (a suspension span with a clearance of 134 ft and the Brooklyn Bridge (a suspension span with a clearance of 127 ft.

Quarters A, the commander's quarters building, is a National Historic Landmark. The Navy Yard Hospital Building (R95) and Surgeon's Residence (R1) are both designated as NYC Landmark buildings. A report commissioned by the National Guard suggests that the entirety of the Admiral's Row property meets the eligibility criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places.

Commandants (1806–1945)

 * 1) Lieutenant Jonathan Thorn, 1 June 1806 – 13 July 1807
 * 2) Captain Isaac Chauncey, 13 July 1807 – 16 May 1813
 * 3) Captain, 16 May 1813 – 2 June 1824
 * 4) Commander George W. Rodgers, 2 June 1824 – 21 December 1824
 * 5) Captain Isaac Chauncey, 21 December 1824 – 10 June 1833
 * 6) Captain Charles G. Ridgeley, 10 June 1833 – 19 November 1839
 * 7) Captain James Renshaw, 19 November 1839 – 12 June 1841
 * 8) Captain Matthew C. Perry, 12 June 1841 – 15 July 1843
 * 9) Captain Silas H. Stringham, 15 July 1843 – 1 October 1846
 * 10) Captain Isaac McKeever, 1 October 1846 – 1 October 1849
 * 11) Captain William D. Salter, 1 October 1849 – 14 October 1852
 * 12) Captain Charles Boardman, 14 October 1852 – 1 October 1855
 * 13) Captain Abraham Bigelow, 1 October 1855 – 8 June 1857
 * 14) Captain Lawrence Kearny, 8 June 1857 – 1 November 1858
 * 15) Captain Samuel L. Breese, 1 November 1858 – 25 October 1861
 * 16) Captain Hiram Paulding, 25 October 1861 – 1 May 1865
 * 17) Commodore Charles H. Bell, 1 May 1865 – 1 May 1868
 * 18) Rear Admiral Sylvanus W. Godon, 1 May 1868 – 15 October 1870
 * 19) Rear Admiral Melancton Smith, 15 October 1870 – 1 June 1872
 * 20) Vice Admiral Stephen Clegg Rowan, 1 June 1872 – 1 September 1876
 * 21) Commodore James W. Nicholson, 1 September 1876 – 1 May 1880
 * 22) Commodore George H. Cooper, 1 May 1880 – 1 April 1882
 * 23) Commodore John H. Upshur, 1 April 1882 – 31 March 1884
 * 24) Commodore Thomas S. Fillebrown, 31 March 1884 – 31 December 1884
 * 25) Commodore Ralph Chandler, 31 December 1884 – 15 October 1886
 * 26) Commodore Bancroft Gherardi, 15 October 1886 – 15 February 1889
 * 27) Captain Francis M. Ramsay, 15 February 1889 – 14 November 1889
 * 28) Rear Admiral Daniel L. Braine, 14 November 1889 – 20 May 1891
 * 29) Commodore Henry Erben, 20 May 1891 – 1 June 1893
 * 30) Rear Admiral Bancroft Gherardi, 1 June 1893 – 22 November 1894
 * 31) Commodore Montgomery Sicard, 22 November 1894 – 1 May 1897
 * 32) Commodore Francis M. Bunce, 1 May 1897 – 14 January 1899
 * 33) Commodore John W. Philip, 14 January 1899 – 17 July 1900
 * 34) Rear Admiral Albert S. Barker, 17 July 1900 – 1 April 1903
 * 35) Rear Admiral Frederick Rodgers, 1 April 1903 – 3 October 1904
 * 36) Rear Admiral Joseph B. Coghlan, 3 October 1904 – 1 June 1907
 * 37) Rear Admiral Casper F. Goodrich, 1 June 1907 – 15 May 1909
 * 38) Captain Joseph B. Murdock, 15 May 1909 – 21 March 1910
 * 39) Rear Admiral Eugene H. C. Leutze, 21 March 1910 – 6 June 1912
 * 40) Captain Albert Gleaves, 6 June 1912 – 28 September 1914
 * 41) Rear Admiral N. R. Usher, 28 September 1914 – 25 February 1918
 * 42) Rear Admiral John D. MacDonald, 28 September 1914 – 1 July 1921
 * 43) Rear Admiral Carl T. Vogelgesang, 1 July 1921 – 27 November 1922
 * 44) Rear Admiral Charles P. Plunkett, 27 November 1922 – 16 February 1928
 * 45) Captain Frank Lyon, 16 February 1928 – 2 July 1928
 * 46) Rear Admiral Louis R. de Steiguer, 2 July 1928 – 18 March 1931
 * 47) Rear Admiral, 18 March 1931 – 30 June 1933
 * 48) Rear Admiral Yates Stirling, Jr., 30 June 1933 – 9 March 1936
 * 49) Captain Frederick L. Oliver, 9 March 1936 – 20 April 1936
 * 50) Rear Admiral Harris L. Laning, 20 April 1936 – 24 September 1937
 * 51) Rear Admiral Clark H. Woodward, 1 October 1937 – 1 March 1941
 * 52) Rear Admiral Edward J. Marquart, 2 June 1941 – 2 June 1943
 * 53) Rear Admiral Monroe R. Kelly, 2 June 1943 – 5 December 1944
 * 54) Rear Admiral Freeland A. Daubin, 5 December 1944 – 25 November 1945